Create a pipe from finite, positive lengths. Wall thickness must be less than half the outer diameter.
ReadonlyexternalEnclosed outer area, consistent with pi * outerDiameter^2 / 4, with area units.
ReadonlyinternalInternal flow area, consistent with pi * internalDiameter^2 / 4, with area units.
ReadonlyinternalActual internal diameter, with length units.
ReadonlymaterialPipe wall area, equal to external minus internal cross-sectional area.
ReadonlyouterExternal diameter, with length units; greater than the internal diameter.
ReadonlywallWall thickness, equal to half the difference between outer and internal diameters.
External curved wall area for a finite, non-negative length; excludes end faces.
Internal curved wall area for a finite, non-negative length; excludes end faces.
Bore volume for a finite, non-negative length, in the outer diameter's cubed units.
Dry pipe material mass in kg, using a finite, positive mass-per-volume density.
Volume of pipe material, excluding the bore, in the outer diameter's cubed units.
Optionalunit: string
Structural geometry contract for a uniform circular pipe cross-section. Implementations must supply finite, positive, mutually consistent dimensions and areas. Length, roughness, placement and operating state belong to the application.